Centrifugal pump working principle and classification

1. The working principle of the centrifugal pump The centrifugal pump relies on the action of the rotating impeller on the liquid to transfer the mechanical energy of the prime mover to the liquid. As the action fluid flows from the impeller inlet to the outlet, both its speed energy and pressure energy are increased. The liquid discharged by the impeller passes through the extrusion chamber, most of the speed can be converted into pressure energy, and then it is transported along the discharge pipeline. At the time of the impeller entrance, a vacuum or low pressure is formed due to the discharge of the liquid, and the liquid in the inlet liquid pool is pressed into the inlet of the impeller under the pressure of the liquid surface (atmospheric pressure), and the rotating impeller is continuously Inhale and drain liquids.

2. Working principle of volumetric pump (rotary type)

Power is transmitted to the gears through the shaft, and a pair of synchronous gears drive the pump blades to perform synchronous reverse rotation, so that the entrance area produces a real mouth and reduces the medium suction. With the rotation of the pump leaf, the medium is sent to the outlet, and the rotation continues, and the mouth cavity volume When it becomes smaller, pressure is generated (exit high pressure area) to output the medium. Due to the low viscosity of the volume pump, high self-priming capacity, and high flowability of the highly viscous media, there is sufficient time and velocity to fill the cavity, so this type of pump is suitable for high viscosity media. Pump internal sealing surface. The internal diarrhoea is small, so the efficiency of the pump is high, which can reach more than 70%. At the same time, it can reach high-pressure transmission medium, and it also has good adaptability to the medium with small viscosity.

3, the classification of centrifugal pumps and their respective characteristics Centrifugal pumps are divided according to its structure: vertical and horizontal pumps, vertical pumps are characterized by: small footprint, small construction investment, easy installation, the disadvantages are: center of gravity High, not suitable for running without fixed foot. Horizontal pump features: Suitable for a wide range of applications, low center of gravity, good stability, shortcomings: large area, large construction investment, large size and heavy weight.