When the bucket elevator is used to lift rice, there is a problem of high crushing rate (>10%), large return flow (>15%), and many material residues at the bottom of the base. In response to these problems, we have developed a bucket elevator suitable for lifting rice.
1Problems and causes 1.1 The main reason for the crushing of buckets There are mainly three kinds of crushing methods in the loading and lifting process of bucket elevators: crushing, friction and impact crushing.
The common bucket elevator frame is rectangular, and the grain pile at the bottom during the process of digging the rice in the bucket is squeezed by the bucket to produce crushing and crushing. When the bucket is full of materials and continues to run, the rice outside the bucket is rubbed against the bucket and the feed slot chute plate to generate friction and breakage.
When the bucket runs to the feed port, the rice flowing in from the feed port collides with the bucket and the bucket bolt, causing impact crushing. The higher the speed at which the bucket runs, the higher the rate of breakage caused by the above factors.
There are three types of bucket elevators at the head: centrifugal, gravity and hybrid. The characteristics of centrifugal and hybrid unloading are: the bucket has a high running speed, the hoist has a large output, and the overall size is small.
Therefore, the two industries generally adopt these two methods of unloading. In the case of the two unloading modes, when the rice is lifted to the head discharge, the rice thrown by the centrifugal force collides with the head casing, causing the impact of the rice to be broken, and some of the rice collides and falls back to the machine. seat. The returning rice repeatedly collides with the bucket and the barrel during the falling process, which is the cause of the impact fracture. In addition, the returning rice falls into the inside of the joint surface of the bucket and the bucket belt and is crushed between the bucket belt and the tail wheel to cause crushing and crushing.
1.2 The main reason for the reflow is the development and design of the machine. 1.2.1. The line speed of the bucket elevator does not match the physical characteristics of the rice. In order to prevent the crushing and recirculation of rice, the rice hoist should use the gravity unloading method, and the speed of the hoisting machine should be reduced to less than 1 m/s.
1.2.2. The bucket shape of the bucket elevator does not match the discharge method of the rice. Ordinary deep buckets and shallow buckets are only suitable for centrifugal and hybrid unloading. In order to suit the gravity unloading method of rice, a corresponding new type of bucket should be developed.
1.3 Since the bottom of the base is not detachable, the cleaning is not complete, resulting in a large amount of residual material at the bottom, which causes mutual cross-mixing when replacing the upgraded product.
2Structural features of the anti-crushing rice hoist *The rectangular pedestal form of the bottom of the ordinary hoist is designed as a circular detachable base of the TDTM rice hoist base (see). The arc-shaped structure form can effectively reduce the pressing force and friction force of the rice during charging, and the breaking rate during charging is better reduced. At the same time, when changing the material type, the base can be easily detached from the machine base, and all the residual materials inside are emptied, completely solving the problem of material cross-mixing.
2 Adopting the reverse feeding mode and reducing the change of the detected value of the temperature and humidity of the exhaust gas (page 27)
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